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按条件加载组件,实现组件的灵活切换,减少大量ngIf的使用,在angular中也是比较常见的操作。本篇文章就来大家一起交流一下angular组件的动态使用。有一定的参考价值,有需要的朋友可以参考一下,希望对大家有所帮助。

浅谈angular9中组件动态加载的实现方法

指令的创建

知识兔

在添加组件之前,先要定义一个锚点来告诉 Angular 要把组件插入到什么地方。
在src/dynamic-banner/ad.directive.ts下

import { Directive, ViewContainerRef } from '@angular/core';@Directive({  selector: '[ad-host]',})export class AdDirective {  constructor(public viewContainerRef: ViewContainerRef) { }}

AdDirective 注入了 ViewContainerRef 来获取对容器视图的访问权,这个容器就是那些动态加入的组件的宿主。
@Directive 装饰器中,要注意选择器的名称:ad-host,它就是你将应用到元素上的指令。

相关推荐:《angular教程

动态组件的核心代码

知识兔

动态组件加载的html

src/dynamic-banner/ad-banner.component.html

<div class="ad-banner-example">  <h3>Advertisements</h3>  <ng-template ad-host></ng-template></div>

动态组件的ts

src/dynamic-banner/ad-banner.component.ts

import { Component, Input, OnInit, ViewChild, ComponentFactoryResolver, OnDestroy, SimpleChanges } from '@angular/core';import { AdDirective } from './ad.directive';import { AdItem }      from './ad-item';import { AdComponent } from './ad.component';import { componentMap } from './component/utils';@Component({  selector: 'app-ad-banner',  templateUrl: './ad-banner.component.html',  // styleUrls: ['./ad-banner.component.css']})export class AdBannerComponent implements OnInit {  @Input() type: string = 'ad1' // 传入的key,确定加载那个组件  @Input() data: any = {} // 传入组件的数据  @ViewChild(AdDirective, {static: true}) adHost: AdDirective; // 动态组件的指令  constructor(private componentFactoryResolver: ComponentFactoryResolver) { }  ngOnInit() {    this.loadComponent();  }  ngOnChanges(changes: SimpleChanges): void {    if (changes['type']) this.loadComponent()  }  loadComponent() {    // adItem 要加载的组件类,以及绑定到该组件上的任意数据    const adItem = new AdItem(componentMap[this.type], this.data)     const componentFactory = this.componentFactoryResolver.resolveComponentFactory(adItem.component);    const viewContainerRef = this.adHost.viewContainerRef;    viewContainerRef.clear();    const componentRef = viewContainerRef.createComponent(componentFactory);    (<AdComponent>componentRef.instance).data = adItem.data;  }}

ad-item.ts

src/dynamic-banner/ad-item.ts

import { Type } from '@angular/core';export class AdItem {  constructor(public component: Type<any>, public data: any) {}}

ad.component.ts

src/dynamic-banner/ad.component.ts

import { Type } from '@angular/core';export interface AdComponent {  data: any;}

组件统一注册

src/dynamic-banner/share.module.ts

import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';import { CommonModule } from '@angular/common';import { componets } from './component/utils';import { AdDirective } from './ad.directive';import { AdBannerComponent } from './ad-banner.component';@NgModule({  imports: [    CommonModule  ],  exports:[    [...componets],    AdDirective,    AdBannerComponent,  ],  declarations: [    [...componets],    AdDirective,    AdBannerComponent,  ],  entryComponents: [    [...componets]  ]})export class ShareModule { }

组件的映射

src/dynamic-banner/component/utils.ts

import { HeroProfileComponent } from "./hero-profile.component";import { HeroJobAdComponent } from './hero-job-ad.component';const componentMap = {    ad1: HeroProfileComponent,    ad2: HeroJobAdComponent}const componets = [    HeroProfileComponent,    HeroJobAdComponent]export {componets, componentMap}

效果图

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浅谈angular9中组件动态加载的实现方法

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