Linux 常用命令全拼

• pwd: print work directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径

• ps: process status(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器)

  常用参数：－auxf

  ps -auxf 显示进程状态

• df: disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。
• du: Disk usage
• rpm：即RedHat Package Management，是RedHat的发明之一
• rmdir：Remove Directory（删除目录）
• rm：Remove（删除目录或文件）
• cat: concatenate 连锁
• cat file1file2>>file3 把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中
• insmod: install module,载入模块
• ln -s : link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式
• mkdir：Make Directory(创建目录)
• touch: touch
• man: Manual
• su：Swith user(切换用户)
• cd：Change directory
• ls：List files
• ps：Process Status
• mkdir：Make directory
• rmdir：Remove directory
• mkfs: Make file system
• fsck：File system check
• uname: Unix name
• lsmod: List modules
• mv: Move file
• rm: Remove file
• cp: Copy file
• ln: Link files
• fg: Foreground
• bg: Background
• chown: Change owner
• chgrp: Change group
• chmod: Change mode
• umount: Unmount
• dd: 本来应根据其功能描述"Convert an copy"命名为"cc"，但"cc"已经被用以代表"CComplier"，所以命名为"dd"
• tar：Tape archive （磁带档案）
• ldd：List dynamic dependencies
• insmod：Install module
• rmmod：Remove module
• lsmod：List module
• 文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration
• Knnxxx /Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）
• .a（扩展名a）：Archive，static library
• .so（扩展名so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library
• .o（扩展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file
• RPM：Red hat package manager
• dpkg：Debian package manager
• apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供）

其他 Linux 命令缩写

bin = Binaries (二进制文件)/dev = Devices (设备)/etc = Etcetera (等等)/lib = LIBrary/proc = Processes/sbin = Superuser Binaries (超级用户的二进制文件)/tmp = Temporary (临时)/usr = Unix Shared Resources/var = Variable (变量)FIFO = First In, First OutGRUB = GRand Unified BootloaderIFS= Internal Field SeperatorsLILO = LInux LOaderMySQL = My 是最初作者女儿的名字，SQL = Structured QueryLanguagePHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP HypertextPreprocessorPS = Prompt StringPerl = “Pratical Extraction and Report Language”(实际的抽取和报告语言) =”Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister”Python 得名于电视剧Monty Python’s Flying CircusTcl = Tool Command LanguageTk = ToolKitVT = Video TerminalYaST = Yet Another Setup Toolapache = “a patchy” serverapt = Advanced Packaging Toolar = archiveras = assemblerawk = “Aho Weiberger and Kernighan”三个作者的姓的第一个字母bash = Bourne Again SHellbc = Basic (Better) Calculatorbg = BackGroundbiff = 作者HeidiStettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。cal = Calendar (日历)cat = Catenate (链接)cd = Change Directorychgrp = Change Groupchmod = Change Modechown = Change Ownerchsh = Change Shellcmp = comparecobra = Common Object Request BrokerArchitecturecomm = commoncp = Copycpio = CoPy In and Outcpp = C Pre Processorcron = Chronos 希腊文时间cups = Common Unix Printing Systemcvs = Current Version Systemdaemon = Disk And Execution MONitordc = Desk Calculatordd = Disk Dump (磁盘转储)df = Disk Freediff = Differencedmesg = diagnostic messagedu = Disk Usageed = editoregrep = Extended GREPelf = Extensible Linking Formatelm = ELectronic Mailemacs = Editor MACroSeval = EVALuateex = EXtendedexec = EXECute (执行)fd = file descriptorsfg = ForeGroundfgrep = Fixed GREPfmt = formatfsck = File System ChecKfstab = FileSystem TABlefvwm = F*** Virtual Window Managergawk = GNU AWKgpg = GNU Privacy Guardgroff = GNU troffhal = Hardware Abstraction Layerjoe = Joe’s Own Editorksh = Korn SHelllame = Lame Ain’t an MP3 Encoderlex = LEXical analyserlisp = LISt Processing = Lots of IrritatingSuperfluous Parenthesesln = Linklpr = Line PRintls = listlsof = LiSt Open Filesm4 = Macro processor Version 4man = MANual pagesmawk = Mike Brennan’s AWKmc = Midnight Commandermkfs = MaKe FileSystemmknod = Make Nodemotd = Message of The Daymozilla = MOsaic GodZILLamtab = Mount TABlemv = Movenano = Nano’s ANOther editornawk = New AWKnl = Number of Linesnm = namesnohup = No HangUPnroff = New ROFFod = Octal Dumppasswd = Passwdpg = pagerpico = PIne’s message COmposition editorpine = “Program for Internet News &Email” = “Pine is not Elm”ping = 拟声 又 = Packet Internet Grouperpirntcap = PRINTer CAPabilitypopd = POP Directorypr = preprintf = Print Formattedps = Processes Statuspty = pseudo ttypushd = PUSH Directorypwd = Print Working Directoryrc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shellrev = REVerserm = ReMovern = Read Newsroff = RunOFFrpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat PackageManagerrsh, rlogin, rvim中的r = Remoterxvt = ouR XVTseamoneky = 我sed = Stream Editorseq = SEQuenceshar = Shell ARchiveslrn = S-Lang rnssh = Secure Shellssl = Secure Sockets Layerstty = Set TTYsu = Substitute Usersvn = SubVersiontar = Tape ARchivetcsh = TENEX C shelltee = T (T形水管接口)telnet = TEminaL over Networktermcap = terminal capabilityterminfo = terminal informationtex = τέχνη的缩写，希腊文arttr = traslatetroff = Typesetter new ROFFtsort = Topological SORTtty = TeleTypewritertwm = Tom’s Window Managertz = TimeZoneudev = Userspace DEVulimit = User’s LIMITumask = User’s MASKuniq = UNIQuei = VIsual = Very Inconvenientvim = Vi IMprovedwall = write allwc = Word Countwine = WINE Is Not an Emulatorxargs = eXtended ARGumentsxdm = X Display Managerxlfd = X Logical Font Descriptionxmms = X Multimedia Systemxrdb = X Resources DataBasexwd = X Window Dumpyacc = yet another compiler compilerFish = the Friendly Interactive SHellsu = Switch UserMIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail ExtensionsECMA = European Computer ManufacturersAssociation

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