PHP对XML文件进行读写操作的方法一共有四种,分别是:字符串方式直接读写、DOMDocument读写、XMLWrite写和XMLReader读、SimpleXML读写,知识兔将依次对这四种方法进行介绍。
介绍之前首先对本文例子使用的数据和文件进行说明。本文写XML文件的例子都是从MySQL中读取数据然后写入到XML文件中,读XML文件的例子都是从XML文件中读取数据后组装成数组的格式,数组中每个元素对应数据库中的一条记录。
MySQL中的数据:

XML文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf8"?><studentcareer> <period> <starttime>2000</starttime> <endtime>2002</endtime> <school>培新小学</school> </period> <period> <starttime>2002</starttime> <endtime>2006</endtime> <school>览表东阳学校</school> </period> <period> <starttime>2006</starttime> <endtime>2009</endtime> <school>惠来慈云实验中学</school> </period> <period> <starttime>2009</starttime> <endtime>2012</endtime> <school>惠来一中</school> </period> <period> <starttime>2012</starttime> <endtime>2016</endtime> <school>华南师范大学</school> </period></studentcareer>读取XML文件后组装成的数据格式:

下面的例子使用的数据、文件都是以上所列数据、文件,介绍各个方法时不再赘述,直接贴代码。
一、PHP字符串方式读写XML文件:
1. 字符串方式写XML文件:
<?php/*** function:使用字符串方式写XML文件* author:JetWu* date:2016.12.03**/$mysqli = mysqli_connect('localhost', 'root', '123456', 'wjt');if(mysqli_connect_errno()) die('database connect fail:' . mysqli_connect_error());$sql = 'select * from study order by starttime';$res = mysqli_query($mysqli, $sql);$study = array();while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($res)) { $study[] = $row;}//XML标签配置$xmlTag = array( 'starttime', 'endtime', 'school');$str = "<studentcareer>\n";foreach($study as $v) { $str .= "\t<period>\n"; foreach($xmlTag as $x) { $str .= "\t\t<".$x.">" . $v[$x] . "</".$x.">\n"; } $str .= "\t</period>\n";}$str .= '</studentcareer>';$file = './write_str.xml';file_put_contents($file, $str);2. 字符串方式读XML文件:
<?php/*** function:使用字符串方式读XML文件* author:JetWu* date:2016.12.03**/$file = './write_str.xml';$con = file_get_contents($file);//XML标签配置$xmlTag = array( 'starttime', 'endtime', 'school');$arr = array();foreach($xmlTag as $x) { preg_match_all("/<".$x.">.*<\/".$x.">/", $con, $temp); $arr[] = $temp[0];}//去除XML标签并组装数据$data = array();foreach($arr as $key => $value) { foreach($value as $k => $v) { $a = explode($xmlTag[$key].'>', $v); $v = substr($a[1], 0, strlen($a[1])-2); $data[$k][$xmlTag[$key]] = $v; }}echo '<pre>';print_r($data);二、DOMDocument读写XML文件
1. DOMDocument写XML文件:
<?php/*** function:DOMDocument写XML文件* author:JetWu* date:2016.12.03**/$mysqli = mysqli_connect('localhost', 'root', '123456', 'wjt');if(mysqli_connect_errno()) die('database connect fail:' . mysqli_connect_error());$sql = 'select * from study order by starttime';$res = mysqli_query($mysqli, $sql);$study = array();while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($res)) { $study[] = $row;}//XML标签配置$xmlTag = array( 'starttime', 'endtime', 'school');$dom = new DOMDocument('1.0', 'utf8');$dom->formatOutput = true;$studentcareer = $dom->createElement('studentcareer');$dom->appendChild($studentcareer);foreach($study as $s) { $period = $dom->createElement('period'); $studentcareer->appendChild($period); foreach($xmlTag as $x) { $element = $dom->createElement($x); $period->appendChild($element); $text = $dom->createTextNode($s[$x]); $element->appendChild($text); }}$dom->save('./write_dom.xml');2. DOMDocument读XML文件:
<?php/*** function:DOMDocument读XML文件* author:JetWu* date:2016.12.03**///XML标签配置$xmlTag = array( 'starttime', 'endtime', 'school');$dom = new DOMDocument();$dom->load('./write_dom.xml');$periods = $dom->getElementsByTagName('period');$study = array();foreach($periods as $k => $p) { foreach($xmlTag as $x) { $node = $p->getElementsByTagName($x); $study[$k][$x] = $node->item(0)->nodeValue; }}echo '<pre>';print_r($study);三、XMLWriter和XMLReader读写XML文件
1. XMLWriter写XML文件:
<?php/*** function:XMLWriter写XML文件* author:JetWu* date:2016.12.03**/$mysqli = mysqli_connect('localhost', 'root', '123456', 'wjt');if(mysqli_connect_errno()) die('database connect fail:' . mysqli_connect_error());$sql = 'select * from study order by starttime';$res = mysqli_query($mysqli, $sql);$study = array();while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($res)) { $study[] = $row;}//XML标签配置$xmlTag = array( 'starttime', 'endtime', 'school');$xml = new XMLWriter();$xml->openUri('./write_WR.xml');$xml->setIndentString(' ');//设置缩进格式化使用的符号$xml->setIndent(true);$xml->startDocument('1.0', 'utf8');$xml->startElement('studentcareer');foreach($study as $s) { $xml->startElement('period'); foreach($xmlTag as $x) { $xml->startElement($x); $xml->text($s[$x]); $xml->endElement(); } $xml->endElement();}$xml->endElement();$xml->endDocument();$xml->flush();2. XMLReader读XML文件:
<?php/*** function:XMLReader读XML文件* author:JetWu* date:2016.12.03**///XML标签配置$xmlTag = array( 'starttime', 'endtime', 'school');$xml = new XMLReader();$xml->open('./write_WR.xml');$study = array();$count = 0;//记录数:方便组装数据$name = '';while($xml->read()) { $n = $xml->name; if($xml->nodeType == XMLReader::ELEMENT) { if($n == 'period') {//开始下一条记录的读取 $count ++; } else if(in_array($n, $xmlTag)) {//记录需要获取文本值的标签名 $name = $n; } } else if($xml->nodeType == XMLReader::TEXT) { if(in_array($name, $xmlTag)) { $study[$count][$name] = $xml->value; } }}$xml->close();echo '<pre>';print_r($study);四、SimpleXML读写XML文件
1. SimpleXML写XML文件:
<?php/*** function:SimpleXML写XML文件* author:JetWu* date:2016.12.03**/$mysqli = mysqli_connect('localhost', 'root', '123456', 'wjt');if(mysqli_connect_errno()) die('database connect fail:' . mysqli_connect_error());$sql = 'select * from study order by starttime';$res = mysqli_query($mysqli, $sql);$study = array();while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($res)) { $study[] = $row;}//XML标签配置$xmlTag = array( 'starttime', 'endtime', 'school');$xml = new SimpleXMLElement('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><studentcareer />');foreach($study as $s) { $period = $xml->addChild('period'); foreach($xmlTag as $x) { $period->addChild($x, $s[$x]); }}$xml->asXml('./write_sim.xml');//输出XML文件(没有格式化)2. SimpleXML读XML文件:
<?php/*** function:SimpleXML读XML文件* author:JetWu* date:2016.12.03**///XML标签配置$xmlTag = array( 'starttime', 'endtime', 'school');$study = array();$xml = simplexml_load_file('./write_sim.xml');foreach($xml->children() as $period) { $study[] = get_object_vars($period);//获取对象全部属性,返回数组}echo '<pre>';print_r($study);总结:这四种方法中,字符串的方式是最原始的方法。SimpleXML和DOM扩展是属于基于树的解析器,把整个文档存储为树的数据结构中,需要把整个文档都加载到内存中才能工作,所以当处理大型XML文档的时候,性能会剧减。XMLReader则是属于基于流的解析器,它不会一次把整个文档加载到内存中,而是每次分别读取其中的一个节点并允许实时与之交互,这种方式效率高,而且占内存少。
